Can someone please explain the various conditional operators in Query all records?

Hi, please forgive me if this has already been asked. I'm a little confused by the conditional operators in the Query all records function like include, contains, in etc.

Sometimes I get errors (like: 1st operand must be JSON or an array) and I have to make it work by trial and error. I couldn't find much in the documentation too. Any help/pointers would be appreciated!